The Evolution of Spacesuit Technology and NASA's Next Lunar Expedition

NASA is gearing up to send four humans back to the Moon in the year 2026. Notably, NASA has entrusted the construction of spacesuits for the EVA category to external partners.

The EVA (Extravehicular Activity) space suits, also referred to as the Extravehicular Mobility Units (EMUs), are meticulously crafted for astronauts to conduct tasks outside the spacecraft or space station, such as repairs, maintenance, and experiments on other celestial bodies. These suits boast multiple layers, shielding astronauts from extreme temperatures, micrometeoroids, and radiation. Moreover, they are equipped with integrated life support systems, including oxygen supply, temperature regulation, and waste management, ensuring astronauts' well-being during extravehicular activities. Furthermore, EVA suits are outfitted with communication systems facilitating seamless interaction between astronauts and mission control or fellow crew members during spacewalks.

In addition to EVA suits, there exists another category known as "launch and entry suits." These suits are worn by astronauts during the launch and re-entry phases of a mission, safeguarding them in the event of cabin depressurization, launch or entry emergencies, or potential fire hazards. Unlike EVA suits, launch and entry suits feature simpler designs.

In a historic move, NASA has delegated the creation of a new spacesuit for the Artemis III mission to 'Axiom Space.' These innovative suits, to be utilized during future extravehicular activities, are currently undergoing rigorous testing and preparation at Axiom Space's laboratories. With NASA allocating $228 million for the development of these suits under its contract with Axiom Space, the new suits are anticipated to be both cost-efficient and technologically advanced, meeting the evolving needs of space exploration.

The prototype of the new suit comprises three primary layers: the Bladder Layer, the Restraint Layer, and the Insulation Layer. Each layer serves distinct functions, including temperature regulation, movement definition, and protection from external elements. Axiom Space is meticulously handcrafting these suits, ensuring precise measurements and meticulous attention to detail from head to toe.

Furthermore, Axiom Space is offering three size options for the suit configuration, accommodating astronauts of varying body types, not just for the upcoming mission but also for future endeavors in space exploration.

Adapting to these suits and executing daily tasks within them require practice and training due to their unique chassis-like structure. Once completed, these spacesuits will set a new standard for humanity's exploration of space, opening up possibilities for further discoveries and adventures beyond Earth's orbit.